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When Rheumatic Disease May Have Affected the Course of Western Civilization

Baljeet Rai, MD, Abhimanyu Amarnani, MD, PhD, Ja-Yoon Uni Choe, MD, Nicole K. Zagelbaum Ward, DO, MPH, & Richard S. Panush, MD, MACP, MACR  |  Issue: November 2022  |  

Conclusion

We hope this selective presentation of possible instances of rheumatic diseases and related conditions affecting history has been of interest and offered a different perspective and broader appreciation of the connections between illness and historical events.

Baljeet Rai, MD, is a post-doctoral fellow in the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine.

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Abhimanyu Amarnani, MD, PhD, is a post-doctoral fellow in the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York City.

Ja-yoon Uni Choe, MD, is a resident in the Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, and Los Angeles County + University of Southern California (LAC+USC) Medical Center, Los Angeles.

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Nicole K. Zagelbaum Ward, DO, MPH, was a post-doctoral fellow in the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, and Los Angeles County + University of Southern California (LAC+USC) Medical Center, Los Angeles; she is currently in private practice in Los Angeles.

Richard S. Panush, MD, MACP, MACR, is professor emeritus in the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles.

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